Docker 镜像 alpine, slim, bullseye, bookeworm, noble 等的区别
1. Alpine
- Created with simplicity in mind, has a smaller footprint, uses less disk space.
- Different from Linux based images on its C library and coreutils implementation
- Linux based images use glibc(GNU C libraby) and coreutils(GNU coreutils) whereas Alpine Linux replaces it with musl libc and Busybox respectively as they are comparatively lighweight, and less bloat. Smaller, the better right? Is it though?
- Package Manager:
apk - Shell:
/bin/sh
Use case:
Choose it when you need small sized image without bloat and you are sure the alpine based alternatives of core functionality is enough for your application.
2. Slim
- Both Debian and Ubuntu versions(below) have slim tagged images.
- Image size is significantly reduced from the standard image by a process called slimification.
- As per the docker Debian documentation, man pages, documentation files and some other extra files that are normally not necessary within containers are removed.
- For more details about what gets removed during the “slimification” process check here and here.
- Package Managers are similar to their corresponding standard images for Debian OS.
Use case:
Choose it when you want a reduced sized image from the standard image. In “slimification” process, it mentioned it removed docs, man pages and extra unnecessary files; which seems harmless, but would suggest to proceed with caution and thoroughly test it.
3. Debian 系列
Jessie
- OS: Debian 8
- Kernel: Linux 3.16
Stretch
- OS: Debian 9
- Kernel: Linux 4.9
Buster
- OS: Debian 10
- Kernel: Linux 4.19 (FYI 4.19 is a more latest version than 4.9, in versioning language 4.x, 19>9)
Bullseye
- OS: Debian 11
- Kernel: Linux 5.10
Bookworm
- OS: Debian 12
- Kernel: Linux 6.1
4. Ubuntu 系列
Xenial
Fullname: Xenial Xerus
- OS: Ubuntu 16.04
- Kernel: Linux 4.4
Bionic
Fullname: Bionic Beaver
- OS: Ubuntu 18.04
- Kernel: Linux 4.15
Focal
Fullname: Focal Fossa
- OS: Ubuntu 20.04
- Kernel: Linux 5.4
Jammy
Fullname: Jammy Jellyfish
- OS: Ubuntu 22.04
- Kernel: Linux 5.15
Mantic
Fullname: Mantic Minotaur
- OS: Ubuntu 23.10
- Kernel: Linux 6.5
Noble
Fullname: Noble Numbat
- OS: Ubuntu 24.04
- Kernel: Linux 6.6